J/A+A/627/A13 Second AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources (Bulgarelli+, 2019) Second AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources. Bulgarelli A., Fioretti V., Parmiggiani N., Verrecchia F., Pittori C., Lucarelli F., Tavani M., Aboudan A., Cardillo M., Giuliani A., Cattaneo P.W., Chen A.W., Piano G., Rappoldi A., Baroncelli L., Argan A., Antonelli L.A., Donnarumma I., Gianotti F., Giommi P., Giusti M., Longo F., Pellizzoni A., Pilia M., Trifoglio M., Trois A., Vercellone S., Zoli A. =2019A&A...627A..13B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode) ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei ; Gamma rays ; Pulsars ; BL Lac objects ; Surveys Mission_Name: AGILE Keywords: gamma-rays: general - catalogues - surveys Abstract: We present the second AGILE-GRID catalogue (2AGL) of gamma-ray sources in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV. With respect to previous AGILE-GRID catalogues, the current 2AGL catalogue is based on the first 2.3 years of science data from the AGILE mission (the so-called pointing mode) and incorporates more data and several analysis improvements, including better calibrations at the event reconstruction level, an updated model for the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, a refined procedure for point-like source detection, and the inclusion of a search for extended gamma-ray sources. The 2AGL catalogue includes 175 high-confidence sources (above 4σ significance) with their location regions and spectral properties and a variability analysis with four-day light curves for the most significant. Relying on the error region of each source position, including systematic uncertainties, 122 sources are considered as positionally associated with known counterparts at different wavelengths or detected by other gamma-ray instruments. Among the identified or associated sources, 62 are active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of the blazar class. Pulsars represent the largest Galactic source class, with 41 associated pulsars, 7 of which have detected pulsation; 8 supernova remnants and 4 high-mass X-ray binaries have also been identified. A substantial number of 2AGL sources are unidentified: for 53 sources no known counterpart is found at different wavelengths. Among these sources, we discuss a subclass of 29 AGILE-GRID-only gamma-ray sources that are not present in 1FGL, 2FGL, or 3FGL catalogues; the remaining sources are unidentified in both 2AGL and 3FGL catalogues. We also present an extension of the analysis of 2AGL sources detected in the energy range 50-100MeV. Description: The data for the 2AGL catalogue were taken during the period from July 13, 2007, to October 15, 2009. The AGILE-GRID detects gamma-rays in the energy range from 100MeV to 10GeV. File Summary: FileName Lrecl Records Explanations ReadMe 80 . This file table10.dat 423 175 2AGL Catalogue sources table11.dat 244 175 Spectral information of 2AGL Catalogue sources See also: J/A+A/506/1563 : First AGILE catalog of gamma-ray sources (Pittori+, 2009) J/A+A/558/A137 : AGILE bright gamma-ray sources updated list (Verrecchia+ 2013) J/A+A/587/A93 : MeV-GeV counterparts of TeV sources (Rappoldi+, 2016) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat Bytes Format Units Label Explanations 1- 16 A16 --- 2AGL 2AGL Source Name (G1) 18- 23 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right Ascension, J2000 25- 30 F6.2 deg DEdeg Declination, J2000 32- 37 F6.2 deg GLON Galactic longitude 39- 44 F6.2 deg GLAT Galactic latitude 46- 49 F4.2 deg Rad Radius (2) 51- 54 F4.2 deg thetaa Semi-major axis (3) 56- 59 F4.2 deg thetab Semi-minor axis (3) 61- 66 F6.2 deg phi Position Angle clockwise (3) 68- 69 A2 --- SM Spectral Model (G2) 71- 75 F5.1 --- Signi Test statistic significance (5) 77- 80 F4.2 --- alpha Spectral index or first index (6) 82- 85 F4.2 --- e_alpha Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty of alpha 87- 91 F5.1 10-8ph/cm2/s Fgamma Photon flux (7) 93- 96 F4.1 10-8ph/cm2/s e_Fgamma Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty of Fgamma 98-103 F6.1 10-8ph/cm2/s Fe Integrated energy flux (8) 105-108 F4.1 10-8ph/cm2/s e_Fe Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty of Fe 110 I1 -- VI ? Variability index (9) 112-115 I4 10+6cm2.s Exp Exposure (10) 117-119 I3 d Expdays Exposure in days (10) 121-123 A3 --- Flag Flags separated by comma (G3) 125-195 A71 --- AGLAssoc ? Positional associations with AGILE catalogs separated by comma (12) 197-332 A136 --- GammaAssoc ? Positional associations with other not AGILE catalogs separated by comma (13) 334-417 A84 --- IDorAssoc ? Identified or associated sources separated by comma 419-423 A5 --- Class Class (G4) Note (2): 95% Circular confidence region (c.l.) statistical error only. Note (3): 95% Elliptical confidence region (c.l.) statistical error only. Note (5): Significance derived from likelihood test statistic in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV. Note (6): Spectral index for PL, PC, and PS spectral models, the first index for LP spectral model, in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV. Note (7): Photon flux in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV, summed over 4 bands, for the pointing mode period. Note (8): Integrated energy flux in the energy range 100MeV-10 GeV, for the pointing mode period. Note (9): Variability index equal to 1 indicates <1% chance of being a steady source. No value indicates that there are not enough 4 day time periods to calculate the index. Note (10): Exposure in cm2*Ms and days. Days are obtained dividing exposure by the mean effective area of 300cm2 and 86400s. Note (12): AGILE catalogues as follows: 1AGL = Pittori, et al., 2009, Cat. J/A+A/506/1563 1AGLR = Verrecchia et al., 2013, Cat. J/A+A/558/A137 AGILE-TEVCAT = Rappoldi et al., 2016, Cat. J/A+A/587/A93 Note (13): Other catalogues as follows: 0FGL = Abdo et al., 2009, Cat. J/ApJS/183/46 1FGL = Abdo et al., 2010, Cat. J/ApJS/188/405 2FGL = Nolan et al., 2012, Cat. J/ApJS/199/31 3EG = Hartman et al., 1999, Cat. J/ApJS/123/79 3FGL = Acero et al., 2015ApJS..218....2T 3FHL = Ajello et al., 2017, Cat. J/ApJS/232/18 TeGeV = Carosi et al., 2015ICRC...34..956A Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat Bytes Format Units Label Explanations 1- 16 A16 --- 2AGL 2AGL Source Name (G1) 18- 22 F5.1 --- Signi Test statistic significance (2) 24- 25 A2 --- SM Spectral Model (G2) 27- 30 F4.2 --- alpha Spectral index or first index (4) 32- 35 F4.2 --- e_alpha Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty for alpha 37- 42 F6.1 MeV Ec ? Cut-off energy for PC and PS spectral models 44- 49 F6.1 MeV e_Ec ? Ec statistical 1-sigma uncertainty 51- 53 F3.1 --- beta ? Second index for PS spectral models 55- 57 F3.1 --- e_beta ? beta statistical 1-sigma uncertainty 59- 64 F6.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F1 Photon flux in 100-300MeV energy band 66- 70 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F1 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F1 72- 75 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F1 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F1 77- 80 F4.1 --- Signi1 Test statistic significance in 100-300MeV (5) 82- 87 F6.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F2 Photon flux in 300-1000MeV energy band 89- 93 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F2 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F2 95- 98 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F2 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F2 100-104 F5.1 --- Signi2 Test statistic significance in 300-1000MeV (5) 106-111 F6.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F3 Photon flux in 1-3GeV energy band 113-117 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F3 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F3 119-122 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F3 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F3 124-127 F4.1 --- Signi3 Test statistic significance in 1-3GeV (5) 129-133 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F4 Photon flux in 3-10GeV energy band 135-139 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F4 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F4 141-144 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F4 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F4 146-149 F4.1 --- Signi4 Test statistic significance in 3-10GeV (5) 151-234 A84 --- IDorAssoc ? Identified or associated sources separated by comma 236-238 A3 --- Flag Flags separated with comma (G3) 240-244 A5 --- Class Class (G4) Note (2): Significance derived from likelihood test statistic in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV Note (4): Spectral index for PL, PC, and PS spectral models, the first index for LP spectral model, in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV Note (5): Significance derived from likelihood test statistic in the selected energy band. If the significance is less than 3 the 2 sigma upper limit is selected Global notes: Note (G1): 2AGL JHHMM+DDMM[c/e] constructed according to IAU Specifications for Nomenclature; in the name, RA and Decl. are truncated at 0.10 and 10, respectively; "c" indicates that based on the region of the sky the source is potentially confused with Galactic diffuse emission; "e" indicates a source modelled as spatially extended Note (G2): Spectral model as follows: PL = power-law fit to the energy spectrum PC = power-law with exponential cut-off fit to the energy spectrum PS = power-law with superexponential cut-off fit to the energy spectrum LP = log-parabola fit to the energy spectrum Note (G3): Flags as follows: 1 = alfa fixed to 2.1 2 = 2 upper limits over 4 in the energy bands 100-300, 300-1000, 1000-3000, 3000-10000MeV 3 = 3 upper limits over 4 in the energy bands 100-300, 300-1000, 1000-3000, 3000-10000MeV 4 = 4 upper limits over 4 in the energy bands 100-300, 300-1000, 1000-3000, 3000-10000MeV 5 = Optimisation of position and spectral shape in two different steps Note (G4): Designations shown in capital letters are firm identifications; lower case letters indicate associations, as follows: PSR = Pulsars PWN = Pulsars wind nebula SNR = Supernova remnants spp = potential association with SNR or PWN GLC = Globular clusters HMXB = High-mass X-ray binaries BIN = Binaries BLL = BL Lac type of blazars FSRQ = FSRQ type of blazars RDG = Radio galaxies BCU = Blazars candidate of uncertain type. unid: unidentified gunid = Gamma unidentified Acknowledgements: Andrea Bulgarelli, andrea.bulgarelli(at)inaf.it (End) Andrea Bulgarelli [INAF, Italia], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 28-May-2019