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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/27365
Titolo: | Seeds of Life in Space (SOLIS). II. Formamide in protostellar shocks: Evidence for gas-phase formation | Autori: | CODELLA, CLAUDIO Ceccarelli, C. Caselli, P. Balucani, N. Barone, V. FONTANI, FRANCESCO Lefloch, B. PODIO, LINDA Viti, S. Feng, S. Bachiller, R. Bianchi, E. Dulieu, F. Jiménez-Serra, I. Holdship, J. Neri, R. Pineda, J. E. Pon, A. Sims, I. Spezzano, S. Vasyunin, A. I. Alves, F. Bizzocchi, L. Bottinelli, S. Caux, E. Chacón-Tanarro, A. Choudhury, R. Coutens, A. Favre, C. Hily-Blant, P. Kahane, C. Jaber Al-Edhari, A. Laas, J. López-Sepulcre, A. Ospina, J. Oya, Y. Punanova, A. Puzzarini, C. Quenard, D. Rimola, A. Sakai, N. Skouteris, D. Taquet, V. Testi, L. Theulé, P. Ugliengo, P. Vastel, C. Vazart, F. Wiesenfeld, L. Yamamoto, S. |
Data pubblicazione: | 2017 | Rivista: | ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | Numero: | 605 | Da pagina:: | L3 | Abstract: | Context. Modern versions of the Miller-Urey experiment claim that formamide (NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO) could be the starting point for the formation of metabolic and genetic macromolecules. Intriguingly, formamide is indeed observed in regions forming solar-type stars and in external galaxies. <BR /> Aims: How NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO is formed has been a puzzle for decades: our goal is to contribute to the hotly debated question of whether formamide is mostly formed via gas-phase or grain surface chemistry. <BR /> Methods: We used the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) interferometer to image NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO towards the L1157-B1 blue-shifted shock, a well-known interstellar laboratory, to study how the components of dust mantles and cores released into the gas phase triggers the formation of formamide. <BR /> Results: We report the first spatially resolved image (size 9″, 2300 AU) of formamide emission in a shocked region around a Sun-like protostar: the line profiles are blueshifted and have a FWHM ≃ 5 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. A column density of N<SUB>NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO</SUB> = 8 × 10<SUP>12</SUP> cm<SUP>-1</SUP> and an abundance, with respect to H-nuclei, of 4 × 10<SUP>-9</SUP> are derived. We show a spatial segregation of formamide with respect to other organic species. Our observations, coupled with a chemical modelling analysis, indicate that the formamide observed in L1157-B1 is formed by a gas-phase chemical process and not on grain surfaces as previously suggested. <BR /> Conclusions: The Seeds of Life in Space (SOLIS) interferometric observations of formamide provide direct evidence that this potentially crucial brick of life is efficiently formed in the gas phase around Sun-like protostars. <P />The reduced datacube is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (<A href="http://130.79.128.5">http://130.79.128.5</A>) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/605/L3">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/605/L3 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/27365 | URL: | https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2017/09/aa31249-17/aa31249-17.html | ISSN: | 0004-6361 | DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/201731249 | Bibcode ADS: | 2017A&A...605L...3C | Fulltext: | open |
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