Sub-parsec resolution cosmological simulations of star-forming clumps at high redshift with feedback of individual stars

CALURA, FrancescoFrancescoCALURALupi, A.A.LupiRosdahl, J.J.RosdahlVANZELLA, ErosErosVANZELLAMENEGHETTI, MASSIMOMASSIMOMENEGHETTIRosati, P.P.RosatiVesperini, E.E.VesperiniLacchin, E.E.LacchinPascale, R.R.PascaleGILLI, RobertoRobertoGILLI2025-03-272025-03-2720220035-8711http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/36965We introduce a new set of zoom-in cosmological simulations with sub-pc resolution, intended to model extremely faint, highly magnified star-forming stellar clumps, detected at z = 6.14 thanks to gravitational lensing. The simulations include feedback from individual massive stars (in both the pre-supernova and supernova phases), generated via stochastic, direct sampling of the stellar initial mass function. We adopt a modified 'delayed cooling' feedback scheme, specifically created to prevent artificial radiative loss of the energy injected by individual stars in very dense gas (n ~ 103-105 cm-3). The sites where star formation ignites are characterized by maximum densities of the order of 105 cm-3 and gravitational pressures Pgrav/k >107 K cm-3, corresponding to the values of the local, turbulent regions where the densest stellar aggregates form. The total stellar mass at z = 6.14 is 3.4$\times 10^7~\rm M_{\odot }$, in satisfactory agreement with the observed stellar mass of the observed systems. The most massive clumps have masses of $\sim 10^6~\rm M_{\odot }$ and half-mass sizes of ~100 pc. These sizes are larger than the observed ones, including also other samples of lensed high-redshift clumps, and imply an average density one orders of magnitude lower than the observed one. In the size-mass plane, our clumps populate a sequence that is intermediate between the ones of observed high-redshift clumps and local dSph galaxies....STAMPAenSub-parsec resolution cosmological simulations of star-forming clumps at high redshift with feedback of individual starsArticle10.1093/mnras/stac23872-s2.0-85144307732https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/516/4/5914/6691715https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/851443077322022MNRAS.516.5914CFIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICAERC sectors::Physical Sciences and Engineering::PE9 Universe sciences: astro-physics/chemistry/biology; solar systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy, planetary systems, cosmology, space science, instrumentation