Gaia CollaborationGalluccio, L.L.GalluccioDelbo, M.M.DelboDe Angeli, F.F.De AngeliPauwels, T.T.PauwelsTanga, P.P.TangaMignard, F.F.MignardCELLINO, AlbertoAlbertoCELLINOBrown, A. G. A.A. G. A.BrownMuinonen, K.K.MuinonenPenttilä, A.A.PenttiläJordan, S.S.JordanVALLENARI, AntonellaAntonellaVALLENARIPrusti, T.T.Prustide Bruijne, J. H. J.J. H. J.de BruijneArenou, F.F.ArenouBabusiaux, C.C.BabusiauxBiermann, M.M.BiermannCreevey, O. L.O. L.CreeveyDucourant, C.C.DucourantEvans, D. W.D. W.EvansEyer, L.L.EyerGuerra, R.R.GuerraHutton, A.A.HuttonJordi, C.C.JordiKlioner, S. A.S. A.KlionerLammers, U. L.U. L.LammersLindegren, L.L.LindegrenLuri, X.X.LuriPanem, C.C.PanemPourbaix, D.D.PourbaixRANDICH, Maria SofiaMaria SofiaRANDICHSartoretti, P.P.SartorettiSoubiran, C.C.SoubiranWalton, N. A.N. A.WaltonBailer-Jones, C. A. L.C. A. L.Bailer-JonesBastian, U.U.BastianDRIMMEL, RonaldRonaldDRIMMELJansen, F.F.JansenKatz, D.D.KatzLATTANZI, Mario GilbertoMario GilbertoLATTANZIvan Leeuwen, F.F.van LeeuwenBakker, J.J.BakkerCacciari, C.C.CacciariCastañeda, J.J.CastañedaFabricius, C.C.FabriciusFouesneau, M.M.FouesneauFrémat, Y.Y.FrématGuerrier, A.A.GuerrierHeiter, U.U.HeiterMasana, E.E.MasanaMessineo, R.R.MessineoMowlavi, N.N.MowlaviNicolas, C.C.NicolasNienartowicz, K.K.NienartowiczPailler, F.F.PaillerPanuzzo, P.P.PanuzzoRiclet, F.F.RicletRoux, W.W.RouxSeabroke, G. M.G. M.SeabrokeSORDO, RosannaRosannaSORDOThévenin, F.F.ThéveninGracia-Abril, G.G.Gracia-AbrilPortell, J.J.PortellTeyssier, D.D.TeyssierAltmann, M.M.AltmannAndrae, R.R.AndraeAudard, M.M.AudardBellas-Velidis, I.I.Bellas-VelidisBenson, K.K.BensonBerthier, J.J.BerthierBlomme, R.R.BlommeBurgess, P. W.P. W.BurgessBUSONERO, DeborahDeborahBUSONEROBusso, G.G.BussoCánovas, H.H.CánovasCarry, B.B.CarryCheek, N.N.CheekCLEMENTINI, GisellaGisellaCLEMENTINIDamerdji, Y.Y.DamerdjiDavidson, M.M.Davidsonde Teodoro, P.P.de TeodoroNuñez Campos, M.M.Nuñez CamposDelchambre, L.L.DelchambreDELL'ORO, AldoAldoDELL'OROEsquej, P.P.EsquejFernández-Hernández, J.J.Fernández-HernándezFraile, E.E.FraileGarabato, D.D.GarabatoGarcía-Lario, P.P.García-LarioGosset, E.E.GossetHaigron, R.R.HaigronHalbwachs, J. -L.J. -L.HalbwachsHambly, N. C.N. C.HamblyHarrison, D. L.D. L.HarrisonHernández, J.J.HernándezHestroffer, D.D.HestrofferHodgkin, S. T.S. T.HodgkinHoll, B.B.HollJanßen, K.K.JanßenJevardat de Fombelle, G.G.Jevardat de FombelleKrone-Martins, A.A.Krone-MartinsLANZAFAME, AlessandroAlessandroLANZAFAMELöffler, W.W.LöfflerMarchal, O.O.MarchalMARRESE, Paola MariaPaola MariaMARRESEMoitinho, A.A.MoitinhoOsborne, P.P.OsbornePANCINO, ElenaElenaPANCINORecio-Blanco, A.A.Recio-BlancoReylé, C.C.ReyléRiello, M.M.RielloRimoldini, L.L.RimoldiniRoegiers, T.T.RoegiersRybizki, J.J.RybizkiSarro, L. M.L. M.SarroSiopis, C.C.SiopisSmith, M.M.SmithSOZZETTI, AlessandroAlessandroSOZZETTIUtrilla, E.E.Utrillavan Leeuwen, M.M.van LeeuwenABBAS, UmmiUmmiABBASÁbrahám, P.P.ÁbrahámAbreu Aramburu, A.A.Abreu AramburuAerts, C.C.AertsAguado, J. J.J. J.AguadoAjaj, M.M.AjajAldea-Montero, F.F.Aldea-MonteroALTAVILLA, GiuseppeGiuseppeALTAVILLAÁlvarez, M. A.M. A.ÁlvarezAlves, J.J.AlvesAnderson, R. I.R. I.AndersonAnglada Varela, E.E.Anglada VarelaAntoja, T.T.AntojaBaines, D.D.BainesBaker, S. G.S. G.BakerBalaguer-Núñez, L.L.Balaguer-NúñezBalbinot, E.E.BalbinotBalog, Z.Z.BalogBarache, C.C.BaracheBarbato, D.D.BarbatoBarros, M.M.BarrosBarstow, M. A.M. A.BarstowBartolomé, S.S.BartoloméBassilana, J. -L.J. -L.BassilanaBauchet, N.N.BauchetBECCIANI, UgoUgoBECCIANIBELLAZZINI, MicheleMicheleBELLAZZINIBerihuete, A.A.BerihueteBernet, M.M.BernetBERTONE, StefanoStefanoBERTONEBianchi, L.L.BianchiBinnenfeld, A.A.BinnenfeldBlanco-Cuaresma, S.S.Blanco-CuaresmaBoch, T.T.BochBombrun, A.A.BombrunBossini, D.D.BossiniBouquillon, S.S.BouquillonBRAGAGLIA, AngelaAngelaBRAGAGLIABramante, L.L.BramanteBreedt, E.E.BreedtBressan, A.A.BressanBrouillet, N.N.BrouilletBRUGALETTA, ElisaElisaBRUGALETTABUCCIARELLI, BeatriceBeatriceBUCCIARELLIBurlacu, A.A.BurlacuButkevich, A. G.A. G.ButkevichBUZZI, RaffaellaRaffaellaBUZZICaffau, E.E.CaffauCancelliere, R.R.CancelliereCantat-Gaudin, T.T.Cantat-GaudinCarballo, R.R.CarballoCarlucci, T.T.CarlucciCARNERERO MARTIN, Maria IsabelMaria IsabelCARNERERO MARTINCarrasco, J. M.J. M.CarrascoCasamiquela, L.L.CasamiquelaCASTELLANI, MarcoMarcoCASTELLANICastro-Ginard, A.A.Castro-GinardChaoul, L.L.ChaoulCharlot, P.P.CharlotChemin, L.L.CheminChiaramida, V.V.ChiaramidaChiavassa, A.A.ChiavassaChornay, N.N.ChornayCOMORETTO, GiovanniGiovanniCOMORETTOContursi, G.G.ContursiCooper, W. J.W. J.CooperCornez, T.T.CornezCowell, S.S.CowellCrifo, F.F.CrifoCropper, M.M.CropperCROSTA, MariateresaMariateresaCROSTACrowley, C.C.CrowleyDafonte, C.C.DafonteDapergolas, A.A.DapergolasDavid, P.P.Davidde Laverny, P.P.de LavernyDE LUISE, FioreFioreDE LUISEDe March, R.R.De MarchDe Ridder, J.J.De Ridderde Souza, R.R.de Souzade Torres, A.A.de Torresdel Peloso, E. F.E. F.del Pelosodel Pozo, E.E.del PozoDelgado, A.A.DelgadoDelisle, J. -B.J. -B.DelisleDemouchy, C.C.DemouchyDharmawardena, T. E.T. E.DharmawardenaDiakite, S.S.DiakiteDiener, C.C.DienerDISTEFANO, Elisa Maria CarmelaElisa Maria CarmelaDISTEFANODolding, C.C.DoldingEnke, H.H.EnkeFabre, C.C.FabreFABRIZIO, MicheleMicheleFABRIZIOFaigler, S.S.FaiglerFedorets, G.G.FedoretsFernique, P.P.FerniqueFigueras, F.F.FiguerasFournier, Y.Y.FournierFouron, C.C.FouronFragkoudi, F.F.FragkoudiGAI, MarioMarioGAIGarcia-Gutierrez, A.A.Garcia-GutierrezGarcia-Reinaldos, M.M.Garcia-ReinaldosGarcía-Torres, M.M.García-TorresGAROFALO, AlessiaAlessiaGAROFALOGavel, A.A.GavelGavras, P.P.GavrasGerlach, E.E.GerlachGeyer, R.R.GeyerGIACOBBE, PaoloPaoloGIACOBBEGilmore, G.G.GilmoreGirona, S.S.GironaGiuffrida, G.G.GiuffridaGomel, R.R.GomelGomez, A.A.GomezGonzález-Núñez, J.J.González-NúñezGonzález-Santamaría, I.I.González-SantamaríaGonzález-Vidal, J. J.J. J.González-VidalGranvik, M.M.GranvikGuillout, P.P.GuilloutGuiraud, J.J.GuiraudGutiérrez-Sánchez, R.R.Gutiérrez-SánchezGuy, L. P.L. P.GuyHatzidimitriou, D.D.HatzidimitriouHauser, M.M.HauserHaywood, M.M.HaywoodHelmer, A.A.HelmerHelmi, A.A.HelmiSarmiento, M. H.M. H.SarmientoHidalgo, S. L.S. L.HidalgoHładczuk, N.N.HładczukHobbs, D.D.HobbsHolland, G.G.HollandHuckle, H. E.H. E.HuckleJardine, K.K.JardineJasniewicz, G.G.JasniewiczJean-Antoine Piccolo, A.A.Jean-Antoine PiccoloJiménez-Arranz, Ó.Ó.Jiménez-ArranzJuaristi Campillo, J.J.Juaristi CampilloJulbe, F.F.JulbeKarbevska, L.L.KarbevskaKervella, P.P.KervellaKhanna, S.S.KhannaKordopatis, G.G.KordopatisKorn, A. J.A. J.KornKóspál, Á.Á.KóspálKostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.Z.Kostrzewa-RutkowskaKruszyńska, K.K.KruszyńskaKun, M.M.KunLaizeau, P.P.LaizeauLambert, S.S.LambertLANZA, Antonino FrancescoAntonino FrancescoLANZALasne, Y.Y.LasneLe Campion, J. -F.J. -F.Le CampionLebreton, Y.Y.LebretonLebzelter, T.T.LebzelterLECCIA, SilvioSilvioLECCIALeclerc, N.N.LeclercLecoeur-Taibi, I.I.Lecoeur-TaibiLiao, S.S.LiaoLicata, E. L.E. L.LicataLindstrøm, H. E. P.H. E. P.LindstrømLister, T. A.T. A.ListerLivanou, E.E.LivanouLobel, A.A.LobelLorca, A.A.LorcaLoup, C.C.LoupMadrero Pardo, P.P.Madrero PardoMagdaleno Romeo, A.A.Magdaleno RomeoManagau, S.S.ManagauMann, R. G.R. G.MannManteiga, M.M.ManteigaMarchant, J. M.J. M.MarchantMARCONI, MarcellaMarcellaMARCONIMarcos, J.J.MarcosMarcos Santos, M. M. S.M. M. S.Marcos SantosMarín Pina, D.D.Marín PinaMARINONI, SilviaSilviaMARINONIMarocco, F.F.MaroccoMarshall, D. J.D. J.MarshallMartin Polo, L.L.Martin PoloMartín-Fleitas, J. M.J. M.Martín-FleitasMarton, G.G.MartonMary, N.N.MaryMasip, A.A.MasipMassari, D.D.MassariMastrobuono-Battisti, A.A.Mastrobuono-BattistiMazeh, T.T.MazehMcMillan, P. J.P. J.McMillanMESSINA, SergioSergioMESSINAMichalik, D.D.MichalikMillar, N. R.N. R.MillarMints, A.A.MintsMolina, D.D.MolinaMOLINARO, RobertoRobertoMOLINAROMolnár, L.L.MolnárMonari, G.G.MonariMonguió, M.M.MonguióMONTEGRIFFO, PaoloPaoloMONTEGRIFFOMontero, A.A.MonteroMor, R.R.MorMora, A.A.MoraMORBIDELLI, RobertoRobertoMORBIDELLIMorel, T.T.MorelMorris, D.D.MorrisMURAVEVA, TatianaTatianaMURAVEVAMurphy, C. P.C. P.MurphyMUSELLA, ILARIAILARIAMUSELLANagy, Z.Z.NagyNoval, L.L.NovalOcaña, F.F.OcañaOgden, A.A.OgdenOrdenovic, C.C.OrdenovicOsinde, J. O.J. O.OsindePagani, C.C.PaganiPAGANO, IsabellaIsabellaPAGANOPalaversa, L.L.PalaversaPalicio, P. A.P. A.PalicioPallas-Quintela, L.L.Pallas-QuintelaPanahi, A.A.PanahiPayne-Wardenaar, S.S.Payne-WardenaarPeñalosa Esteller, X.X.Peñalosa EstellerPetit, J. -M.J. -M.PetitPichon, B.B.PichonPIERSIMONI, Anna MarinaAnna MarinaPIERSIMONIPineau, F. -X.F. -X.PineauPlachy, E.E.PlachyPlum, G.G.PlumPOGGIO, EloisaEloisaPOGGIOPrša, A.A.PršaRacero, E.E.RaceroRagaini, S.S.RagainiRAINER, MonicaMonicaRAINERRAITERI, Claudia MariaClaudia MariaRAITERIRamos, P.P.RamosRamos-Lerate, M.M.Ramos-LerateRE FIORENTIN, PaolaPaolaRE FIORENTINRegibo, S.S.RegiboRichards, P. J.P. J.RichardsRios Diaz, C.C.Rios DiazRIPEPI, VincenzoVincenzoRIPEPIRIVA, AlbertoAlbertoRIVARix, H. -W.H. -W.RixRixon, G.G.RixonRobichon, N.N.RobichonRobin, A. C.A. C.RobinRobin, C.C.RobinRoelens, M.M.RoelensRogues, H. R. O.H. R. O.RoguesRohrbasser, L.L.RohrbasserRomero-Gómez, M.M.Romero-GómezRowell, N.N.RowellRoyer, F.F.RoyerRuz Mieres, D.D.Ruz MieresRybicki, K. A.K. A.RybickiSadowski, G.G.SadowskiSáez Núñez, A.A.Sáez NúñezSagristà Sellés, A.A.Sagristà SellésSahlmann, J.J.SahlmannSalguero, E.E.SalgueroSamaras, N.N.SamarasSanchez Gimenez, V.V.Sanchez GimenezSANNA, NicolettaNicolettaSANNASantoveña, R.R.SantoveñaSARASSO, Maria MargheritaMaria MargheritaSARASSOSchultheis, M.M.SchultheisSCIACCA, EvaEvaSCIACCASegol, M.M.SegolSegovia, J. C.J. C.SegoviaSégransan, D.D.SégransanSemeux, D.D.SemeuxShahaf, S.S.ShahafSiddiqui, H. I.H. I.SiddiquiSiebert, A.A.SiebertSiltala, L.L.SiltalaSilvelo, A.A.SilveloSlezak, E.E.SlezakSlezak, I.I.SlezakSMART, Richard LaurenceRichard LaurenceSMARTSnaith, O. N.O. N.SnaithSolano, E.E.SolanoSolitro, F.F.SolitroSouami, D.D.SouamiSouchay, J.J.SouchaySPAGNA, AlessandroAlessandroSPAGNASpina, L.L.SpinaSpoto, F.F.SpotoSteele, I. A.I. A.SteeleSteidelmüller, H.H.SteidelmüllerStephenson, C. A.C. A.StephensonSüveges, M.M.SüvegesSurdej, J.J.SurdejSzabados, L.L.SzabadosSzegedi-Elek, E.E.Szegedi-ElekTaris, F.F.TarisTaylor, M. B.M. B.TaylorTeixeira, R.R.TeixeiraTolomei, L.L.TolomeiTonello, N.N.TonelloTorra, F.F.TorraTorra, J.J.TorraTorralba Elipe, G.G.Torralba ElipeTrabucchi, M.M.TrabucchiTsounis, A. T.A. T.TsounisTuron, C.C.TuronUlla, A.A.UllaUnger, N.N.UngerVaillant, M. V.M. V.Vaillantvan Dillen, E.E.van Dillenvan Reeven, W.W.van ReevenVanel, O.O.VanelVECCHIATO, AlbertoAlbertoVECCHIATOViala, Y.Y.VialaVicente, D.D.VicenteVoutsinas, S.S.VoutsinasWeiler, M.M.WeilerWevers, T.T.WeversWyrzykowski, Ł.Ł.WyrzykowskiYoldas, A.A.YoldasYvard, P.P.YvardZhao, H.H.ZhaoZorec, J.J.ZorecZucker, S.S.ZuckerZwitter, T.T.Zwitter2025-02-252025-02-2520230004-6361http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/36233Context. The Gaia mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) has been routinely observing Solar System objects (SSOs) since the beginning of its operations in August 2014. The Gaia data release three (DR3) includes, for the first time, the mean reflectance spectra of a selected sample of 60 518 SSOs, primarily asteroids, observed between August 5, 2014, and May 28, 2017. Each reflectance spectrum was derived from measurements obtained by means of the Blue and Red photometers (BP/RP), which were binned in 16 discrete wavelength bands. For every spectrum, the DR3 also contains additional information about the data quality for each band. <BR /> Aims: We describe the processing of the Gaia spectral data of SSOs, explaining both the criteria used to select the subset of asteroid spectra published in Gaia DR3, and the different steps of our internal validation procedures. In order to further assess the quality of Gaia SSO reflectance spectra, we carried out external validation against SSO reflectance spectra obtained from ground-based and space-borne telescopes and available in the literature; we present our validation approach. <BR /> Methods: For each selected SSO, an epoch reflectance was computed by dividing the calibrated spectrum observed by the BP/RP at each transit on the focal plane by the mean spectrum of a solar analogue. The latter was obtained by averaging the Gaia spectral measurements of a selected sample of stars known to have very similar spectra to that of the Sun. Finally, a mean of the epoch reflectance spectra was calculated in 16 spectral bands for each SSO. Results.Gaia SSO reflectance spectra are in general agreement with those obtained from a ground-based spectroscopic campaign specifically designed to cover the same spectral interval as Gaia and mimic the illumination and observing geometry characterising Gaia SSO observations. In addition, the agreement between Gaia mean reflectance spectra and those available in the literature is good for bright SSOs, regardless of their taxonomic spectral class. We identify an increase in the spectral slope of S-type SSOs with increasing phase angle. Moreover, we show that the spectral slope increases and the depth of the 1 μm absorption band decreases for increasing ages of S-type asteroid families. The latter can be interpreted as proof of progressive ageing of S-type asteroid surfaces due to their exposure to space weathering effects. <P />This article is dedicated to the memory of Dimitri Pourbaix, who laid the foundations and directed thef Coordination Unit 4 (CU4) of the Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) of the ESA mission Gaia....STAMPAenArticle10.1051/0004-6361/2022437912-s2.0-85138971032https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2023/06/aa43791-22/aa43791-22.htmlhttp://arxiv.org/abs/2206.12174v12023A&A...674A..35GFIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA