BULGARELLI, ANDREAANDREABULGARELLIGUAINAZZI, MATTEOMATTEOGUAINAZZI2022-02-162022-02-162020978-981-15-6336-2978-981-15-6337-9http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/31396X- and 𝛾 -ray astronomy began in the early sixties of the last century with balloons flights, sounding rocket experiment and satellites. Long before space satellite detected X- and 𝛾 -rays emitted by cosmic sources, scientists had known that the Universe should be producing these photons. In this chapter we provided an overview of past and present missions that has made the X- and 𝛾 -ray astronomy an integral part of astronomical research, and prospects of future developments.STAMPAenBook part10.1007/978-981-15-6337-9_4https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-15-6337-9_42020tgxg.book..119BFIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICAERC sectors::Physical Sciences and Engineering::PE9 Universe sciences: astro-physics/chemistry/biology; solar systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy, planetary systems, cosmology, space science, instrumentation