Muons in air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory: Mean number in highly inclined events

Aab, A.A.AabAbreu, P.P.AbreuAGLIETTA, MARCOMARCOAGLIETTAAhn, E. J.E. J.AhnAl Samarai, I.I.Al SamaraiAlbuquerque, I. F. M.I. F. M.AlbuquerqueAllekotte, I.I.AllekotteAllen, J.J.AllenAllison, P.P.AllisonAlmela, A.A.AlmelaAlvarez Castillo, J.J.Alvarez CastilloDi Matteo, A.A.Di MatteoDiaz, J. C.J. C.DiazDíaz Castro, M. L.M. L.Díaz CastroDiogo, F.F.DiogoDobrigkeit, C.C.DobrigkeitDocters, W.W.DoctersD'Olivo, J. C.J. C.D'OlivoDorofeev, A.A.DorofeevDorosti Hasankiadeh, Q.Q.Dorosti HasankiadehDova, M. T.M. T.DovaAlvarez-Muñiz, J.J.Alvarez-MuñizEbr, J.J.EbrEngel, R.R.EngelErdmann, M.M.ErdmannErfani, M.M.ErfaniEscobar, C. O.C. O.EscobarEspadanal, J.J.EspadanalEtchegoyen, A.A.EtchegoyenFacal San Luis, P.P.Facal San LuisFalcke, H.H.FalckeFang, K.K.FangAlves Batista, R.R.Alves BatistaFarrar, G.G.FarrarFauth, A. C.A. C.FauthFazzini, N.N.FazziniFerguson, A. P.A. P.FergusonFernandes, M.M.FernandesFick, B.B.FickFigueira, J. M.J. M.FigueiraFilevich, A.A.FilevichFilipčič, A.A.FilipčičFox, B. D.B. D.FoxAmbrosio, M.M.AmbrosioFratu, O.O.FratuFröhlich, U.U.FröhlichFuchs, B.B.FuchsFujii, T.T.FujiiGaior, R.R.GaiorGarcía, B.B.GarcíaGarcia Roca, S. T.S. T.Garcia RocaGarcia-Gamez, D.D.Garcia-GamezGarcia-Pinto, D.D.Garcia-PintoGarilli, G.G.GarilliAminaei, A.A.AminaeiGascon Bravo, A.A.Gascon BravoGate, F.F.GateGemmeke, H.H.GemmekeGhia, P. L.P. L.GhiaGiaccari, U.U.GiaccariGiammarchi, M.M.GiammarchiGiller, M.M.GillerGlaser, C.C.GlaserGlass, H.H.GlassGómez Berisso, M.M.Gómez BerissoAnchordoqui, L.L.AnchordoquiGómez Vitale, P. F.P. F.Gómez VitaleGonçalves, P.P.GonçalvesGonzalez, J. G.J. G.GonzalezGonzález, N.N.GonzálezGookin, B.B.GookinGordon, J.J.GordonGORGI, AlessioAlessioGORGIGorham, P.P.GorhamGouffon, P.P.GouffonGrebe, S.S.GrebeAndringa, S.S.AndringaGriffith, N.N.GriffithGrillo, A. F.A. F.GrilloGrubb, T. D.T. D.GrubbGuardincerri, Y.Y.GuardincerriGuarino, F.F.GuarinoGuedes, G. P.G. P.GuedesHampel, M. R.M. R.HampelHansen, P.P.HansenHarari, D.D.HarariHarrison, T. A.T. A.HarrisonAramo, C.C.AramoHartmann, S.S.HartmannHarton, J. L.J. L.HartonHaungs, A.A.HaungsHebbeker, T.T.HebbekerHeck, D.D.HeckHeimann, P.P.HeimannHerve, A. E.A. E.HerveHill, G. C.G. C.HillHojvat, C.C.HojvatHollon, N.N.HollonAranda, V. M.V. M.ArandaHolt, E.E.HoltHomola, P.P.HomolaHörandel, J. R.J. R.HörandelHorvath, P.P.HorvathHrabovský, M.M.HrabovskýHuber, D.D.HuberHuege, T.T.HuegeInsolia, A.A.InsoliaIsar, P. G.P. G.IsarIslo, K.K.IsloArqueros, F.F.ArquerosJandt, I.I.JandtJansen, S.S.JansenJarne, C.C.JarneJosebachuili, M.M.JosebachuiliKääpä, A.A.KääpäKambeitz, O.O.KambeitzKampert, K. H.K. H.KampertKasper, P.P.KasperKatkov, I.I.KatkovKégl, B.B.KéglAsorey, H.H.AsoreyKeilhauer, B.B.KeilhauerKeivani, A.A.KeivaniKemp, E.E.KempKieckhafer, R. M.R. M.KieckhaferKlages, H. O.H. O.KlagesKleifges, M.M.KleifgesKleinfeller, J.J.KleinfellerKrause, R.R.KrauseKrohm, N.N.KrohmKrömer, O.O.KrömerAssis, P.P.AssisKruppke-Hansen, D.D.Kruppke-HansenKuempel, D.D.KuempelKunka, N.N.KunkaLaHurd, D.D.LaHurdLatronico, L.L.LatronicoLauer, R.R.LauerLauscher, M.M.LauscherLautridou, P.P.LautridouLe Coz, S.S.Le CozLeão, M. S. A. B.M. S. A. B.LeãoAublin, J.J.AublinLebrun, D.D.LebrunLebrun, P.P.LebrunLeigui de Oliveira, M. A.M. A.Leigui de OliveiraLetessier-Selvon, A.A.Letessier-SelvonLhenry-Yvon, I.I.Lhenry-YvonLink, K.K.LinkLópez, R.R.LópezLouedec, K.K.LouedecLozano Bahilo, J.J.Lozano BahiloLu, L.L.LuAve, M.M.AveLucero, A.A.LuceroLudwig, M.M.LudwigMalacari, M.M.MalacariMaldera, S.S.MalderaMallamaci, M.M.MallamaciMaller, J.J.MallerMandat, D.D.MandatMantsch, P.P.MantschMariazzi, A. G.A. G.MariazziMarin, V.V.MarinAvenier, M.M.AvenierMariș, I. C.I. C.MarișMarsella, G.G.MarsellaMartello, D.D.MartelloMartin, L.L.MartinMartinez, H.H.MartinezMartínez Bravo, O.O.Martínez BravoMartraire, D.D.MartraireMasías Meza, J. J.J. J.Masías MezaMathes, H. J.H. J.MathesMathys, S.S.MathysAvila, G.G.AvilaMatthews, J. A. J.J. A. J.MatthewsMatthews, J.J.MatthewsMatthiae, G.G.MatthiaeMaurel, D.D.MaurelMaurizio, D.D.MaurizioMayotte, E.E.MayotteMazur, P. O.P. O.MazurMedina, C.C.MedinaMedina-Tanco, G.G.Medina-TancoMelissas, M.M.MelissasBadescu, A. M.A. M.BadescuMelo, D.D.MeloMenshikov, A.A.MenshikovMESSINA, SergioSergioMESSINAMeyhandan, R.R.MeyhandanMićanović, S.S.MićanovićMicheletti, M. I.M. I.MichelettiMiddendorf, L.L.MiddendorfMinaya, I. A.I. A.MinayaMiramonti, L.L.MiramontiMitrica, B.B.MitricaBarber, K. B.K. B.BarberMolina-Bueno, L.L.Molina-BuenoMollerach, S.S.MollerachMonasor, M.M.MonasorMonnier Ragaigne, D.D.Monnier RagaigneMontanet, F.F.MontanetMorello, C.C.MorelloMostafá, M.M.MostafáMoura, C. A.C. A.MouraMuller, M. A.M. A.MullerMüller, G.G.MüllerBäuml, J.J.BäumlMünchmeyer, M.M.MünchmeyerMussa, R.R.MussaNavarra, G.G.NavarraNavas, S.S.NavasNecesal, P.P.NecesalNellen, L.L.NellenNelles, A.A.NellesNeuser, J.J.NeuserNewton, D.D.NewtonNiechciol, M.M.NiechciolBaus, C.C.BausNiemietz, L.L.NiemietzNiggemann, T.T.NiggemannNitz, D.D.NitzNosek, D.D.NosekNovotny, V.V.NovotnyNožka, L.L.NožkaOchilo, L.L.OchiloOlinto, A.A.OlintoOliveira, M.M.OliveiraOlmos-Gilbaja, V. M.V. M.Olmos-GilbajaBeatty, J. J.J. J.BeattyPacheco, N.N.PachecoPakk Selmi-Dei, D.D.Pakk Selmi-DeiPalatka, M.M.PalatkaPallotta, J.J.PallottaPalmieri, N.N.PalmieriPapenbreer, P.P.PapenbreerParente, G.G.ParenteParra, A.A.ParraPaul, T.T.PaulPech, M.M.PechBecker, K. H.K. H.BeckerPekala, J.J.PekalaPelayo, R.R.PelayoPepe, I. M.I. M.PepePerrone, L.L.PerronePetermann, E.E.PetermannPeters, C.C.PetersPetrera, S.S.PetreraPetrov, Y.Y.PetrovPhuntsok, J.J.PhuntsokPiegaia, R.R.PiegaiaBellido, J. A.J. A.BellidoPierog, T.T.PierogPieroni, P.P.PieroniPimenta, M.M.PimentaPirronello, V.V.PirronelloPlatino, M.M.PlatinoPlum, M.M.PlumPorcelli, A.A.PorcelliPorowski, C.C.PorowskiPrado, R. R.R. R.PradoPrivitera, P.P.PriviteraBerat, C.C.BeratProuza, M.M.ProuzaPurrello, V.V.PurrelloQuel, E. J.E. J.QuelQuerchfeld, S.S.QuerchfeldQuinn, S.S.QuinnRautenberg, J.J.RautenbergRavel, O.O.RavelRavignani, D.D.RavignaniRevenu, B.B.RevenuRidky, J.J.RidkyBertaina, M. E.M. E.BertainaRIGGI, SimoneSimoneRIGGIRisse, M.M.RisseRistori, P.P.RistoriRizi, V.V.RiziRoberts, J.J.RobertsRodrigues de Carvalho, W.W.Rodrigues de CarvalhoRodriguez Fernandez, G.G.Rodriguez FernandezRodriguez Rojo, J.J.Rodriguez RojoRodríguez-Frías, M. D.M. D.Rodríguez-FríasRos, G.G.RosBertou, X.X.BertouRosado, J.J.RosadoRossler, T.T.RosslerRoth, M.M.RothRoulet, E.E.RouletRovero, A. C.A. C.RoveroSaffi, S. J.S. J.SaffiSaftoiu, A.A.SaftoiuSalamida, F.F.SalamidaSalazar, H.H.SalazarSaleh, A.A.SalehBiermann, P. L.P. 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N.SrivastavaStanič, S.S.StaničStapleton, J.J.StapletonStasielak, J.J.StasielakBlümer, H.H.BlümerStephan, M.M.StephanStutz, A.A.StutzSuarez, F.F.SuarezSuomijärvi, T.T.SuomijärviSupanitsky, A. D.A. D.SupanitskySutherland, M. S.M. S.SutherlandSwain, J.J.SwainSzadkowski, Z.Z.SzadkowskiSzuba, M.M.SzubaTaborda, O. A.O. A.TabordaBoháčová, M.M.BoháčováTapia, A.A.TapiaTartare, M.M.TartareTepe, A.A.TepeTheodoro, V. M.V. M.TheodoroTimmermans, C.C.TimmermansTodero Peixoto, C. J.C. J.Todero PeixotoToma, G.G.TomaTomankova, L.L.TomankovaTomé, B.B.ToméTonachini, A.A.TonachiniBoncioli, D.D.BoncioliTorralba Elipe, G.G.Torralba ElipeTorres Machado, D.D.Torres MachadoTravnicek, P.P.TravnicekTrovato, E.E.TrovatoUlrich, R.R.UlrichUnger, M.M.UngerUrban, M.M.UrbanValdés Galicia, J. F.J. F.Valdés GaliciaValiño, I.I.ValiñoValore, L.L.ValoreBonifazi, C.C.Bonifazivan Aar, G.G.van Aarvan den Berg, A. M.A. M.van den Bergvan Velzen, S.S.van Velzenvan Vliet, A.A.van VlietVarela, E.E.VarelaVargas Cárdenas, B.B.Vargas CárdenasVarner, G.G.VarnerVázquez, J. R.J. R.VázquezVázquez, R. A.R. A.VázquezVeberič, D.D.VeberičBonino, R.R.BoninoVerzi, V.V.VerziVicha, J.J.VichaVidela, M.M.VidelaVillaseñor, L.L.VillaseñorVlcek, B.B.VlcekVorobiov, S.S.VorobiovWahlberg, H.H.WahlbergWainberg, O.O.WainbergWalz, D.D.WalzWatson, A. A.A. A.WatsonBorodai, N.N.BorodaiWeber, M.M.WeberWeidenhaupt, K.K.WeidenhauptWeindl, A.A.WeindlWerner, F.F.WernerWidom, A.A.WidomWiencke, L.L.WienckeWilczyńska, B.B.WilczyńskaWilczyński, H.H.WilczyńskiWill, M.M.WillWilliams, C.C.WilliamsBrack, J.J.BrackWinchen, T.T.WinchenWittkowski, D.D.WittkowskiWundheiler, B.B.WundheilerWykes, S.S.WykesYamamoto, T.T.YamamotoYapici, T.T.YapiciYounk, P.P.YounkYuan, G.G.YuanYushkov, A.A.YushkovZamorano, B.B.ZamoranoBrancus, I.I.BrancusZas, E.E.ZasZavrtanik, D.D.ZavrtanikZavrtanik, M.M.ZavrtanikZaw, I.I.ZawZepeda, A.A.ZepedaZhou, J.J.ZhouZhu, Y.Y.ZhuZimbres Silva, M.M.Zimbres SilvaZiolkowski, M.M.ZiolkowskiZuccarello, FrancescaFrancescaZuccarelloBrogueira, P.P.BrogueiraPierre Auger CollaborationBrown, W. C.W. C.BrownBuchholz, P.P.BuchholzBueno, A.A.BuenoBuitink, S.S.BuitinkBuscemi, M.M.BuscemiCaballero-Mora, K. S.K. S.Caballero-MoraCaccianiga, B.B.CaccianigaCaccianiga, L.L.CaccianigaCandusso, M.M.CandussoCaramete, L.L.CarameteCaruso, R.R.CarusoCASTELLINA, ANTONELLAANTONELLACASTELLINACataldi, G.G.CataldiCazon, L.L.CazonCester, R.R.CesterChavez, A. G.A. G.ChavezChiavassa, A.A.ChiavassaChinellato, J. A.J. A.ChinellatoChudoba, J.J.ChudobaCilmo, M.M.CilmoClay, R. W.R. W.ClayCocciolo, G.G.CoccioloColalillo, R.R.ColalilloColeman, A.A.ColemanCollica, L.L.CollicaColuccia, M. R.M. R.ColucciaConceição, R.R.ConceiçãoContreras, F.F.ContrerasCooper, M. J.M. J.CooperCordier, A.A.CordierCoutu, S.S.CoutuCovault, C. E.C. E.CovaultCronin, J.J.CroninCurutiu, A.A.CurutiuDallier, R.R.DallierDaniel, B.B.DanielDasso, S.S.DassoDaumiller, K.K.DaumillerDawson, B. R.B. R.Dawsonde Almeida, R. M.R. M.de AlmeidaDe Domenico, M.M.De Domenicode Jong, S. J.S. J.de Jongde Mello Neto, J. R. T.J. R. T.de Mello NetoDe Mitri, I.I.De Mitride Oliveira, J.J.de Oliveirade Souza, V.V.de Souzadel Peral, L.L.del PeralDeligny, O.O.DelignyDembinski, H.H.DembinskiDhital, N.N.DhitalDi Giulio, C.C.Di Giulio2020-03-192020-03-1920151550-7998http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/23415We present the first hybrid measurement of the average muon number in air showers at ultrahigh energies, initiated by cosmic rays with zenith angles between 62° and 80°. The measurement is based on 174 hybrid events recorded simultaneously with the surface detector array and the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The muon number for each shower is derived by scaling a simulated reference profile of the lateral muon density distribution at the ground until it fits the data. A 1019 eV shower with a zenith angle of 67°, which arrives at the surface detector array at an altitude of 1450 m above sea level, contains on average (2.68 ±0.04 ±0.48 (sys))×107 muons with energies larger than 0.3 GeV. The logarithmic gain d ln Nμ/d ln E of muons with increasing energy between 4 ×1018 eV and 5 ×1019 eV is measured to be (1.029 ±0.024 ±0.030 (sys)) .STAMPAenMuons in air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory: Mean number in highly inclined eventsArticle10.1103/PhysRevD.91.0320032-s2.0-84922570220000349437800002http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1421v6https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.91.0320032015PhRvD..91c2003AFIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA