The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] Survey: kinematic diversity and rotation in massive star-forming galaxies at z 4.4-5.9
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Jones, G. C.
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Romano, M.
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Ginolfi, M.
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Fudamoto, Y.
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Béthermin, M.
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Fujimoto, S.
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Lemaux, B. C.
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Morselli, L.
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Capak, P.
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Cassata, P.
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Faisst, A.
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Le Fèvre, O.
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Schaerer, D.
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Silverman, J. D.
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Yan, Lin
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Boquien, M.
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Cimatti, A.
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Dessauges-Zavadsky, M.
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Ibar, E.
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Maiolino, R.
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Talia, M.
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Zamorani, G.
Abstract
While the kinematics of galaxies up to z ~ 3 have been characterized in detail, only a handful of galaxies at high redshift (z > 4) have been examined in such a way. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Large Program to INvestigate [C II] at Early times (ALPINE) survey observed a statistically significant sample of 118 star-forming main-sequence galaxies at z = 4.4-5.9 in [C II]158 $\mu$m emission, increasing the number of such observations by nearly 10×. A preliminary qualitative classification of these sources revealed a diversity of kinematic types (i.e. rotators, mergers, and dispersion-dominated systems). In this work, we supplement the initial classification by applying quantitative analyses to the ALPINE data: a tilted ring model (TRM) fitting code (3DBAROLO), a morphological classification (Gini-M20), and a set of disc identification criteria. Of the 75 [C II]-detected ALPINE galaxies, 29 are detected at sufficient significance and spatial resolution to allow for TRM fitting and the derivation of morphological and kinematic parameters. These 29 sources constitute a high-mass subset of the ALPINE sample ($M_*\gt 10^{9.5}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$). We robustly classify 14 of these sources (six rotators, five mergers, and three dispersion-dominated systems); the remaining sources showing complex behaviour. By exploring the G-M20 of z > 4 rest-frame far-infrared and [C II] data for the first time, we find that our 1 arcsec ~ 6 kpc resolution data alone are insufficient to separate galaxy types. We compare the rotation curves and dynamical mass profiles of the six ALPINE rotators to the two previously detected z ~ 4-6 unlensed main-sequence rotators, finding high rotational velocities (~50-250 km s-1) and a diversity of rotation curve shapes.
Volume
507
Issue
3
Start page
3540
Issn Identifier
0035-8711
Ads BibCode
2021MNRAS.507.3540J
Rights
open.access
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