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The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters - V. Constraints on formation scenarios

Journal
Date Issued
2015
Author(s)
Renzini, A.
•
D'Antona, F.
•
•
King, I. R.
•
Milone, A. P.
•
•
Anderson, J.
•
•
Bellini, A.
•
Brown, T. M.
•
Piotto, G.
•
van der Marel, R. P.
•
Barbuy, B.
•
•
Hidalgo, S.
•
•
Ortolani, S.
•
Salaris, M.
•
Sarajedini, A.
DOI
Description
APM acknowledges support by the Australian Research Council through Discovery Early Career Researcher Award DE150101816. AR, SC, and GP acknowledge partial support by PRIN-INAF 2014, and GP acknowledges partial support by ‘Progetto di Ateneo’ (Universit'a di Padova) 2014. AB and IK acknowledge support from STScI grant GO-13297, provided by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.
Abstract
We build on the evidence provided by our Legacy Survey of Galactic globular clusters (GC) to submit to a crucial test four scenarios currently entertained for the formation of multiple stellar generations in GCs. The observational constraints on multiple generations to be fulfilled are manifold, including GC specificity, ubiquity, variety, predominance, discreteness, supernova avoidance, p-capture processing, helium enrichment and mass budget. We argue that scenarios appealing to supermassive stars, fast rotating massive stars and massive interactive binaries violate in an irreparable fashion two or more among such constraints. Also the scenario appealing to asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars as producers of the material for next generation stars encounters severe difficulties, specifically concerning the mass budget problem and the detailed chemical composition of second-generation stars. We qualitatively explore ways possibly allowing one to save the AGB scenario, specifically appealing to a possible revision of the cross-section of a critical reaction rate destroying sodium, or alternatively by a more extensive exploration of the vast parameter space controlling the evolutionary behaviour of AGB stellar models. Still, we cannot ensure success for these efforts and totally new scenarios may have to be invented to understand how GCs formed in the early Universe.
Volume
454
Issue
4
Start page
4197
Uri
Url
Issn Identifier
0035-8711
Ads BibCode
2015MNRAS.454.4197R
Rights
open.access
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