Performance and uniformity of a kilo-pixel array of Ti/Au transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters
Journal
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Taralli, E.
•
•
Gottardi, L.
•
Nagayoshi, K.
•
Ridder, M. L.
•
de Wit, M.
•
Vaccaro, D.
•
Akamatsu, H.
•
Bruijn, M. P.
•
Gao, J. R.
Abstract
Uniform large transition-edge sensor (TES) arrays are fundamental for the
next generation of X-ray space observatories. These arrays are required to
achieve an energy resolution $\Delta E$ < 3 eV full-width-half-maximum (FWHM)
in the soft X-ray energy range. We are currently developing X-ray
microcalorimeter arrays for use in future laboratory and space-based X-ray
astrophysics experiments and ground-based spectrometers. In this contribution
we report on the development and the characterization of a uniform 32$\times$32
pixel array with 140$\times$30 $\mu$m$^2$ Ti/Au TESs with Au X-ray absorber. We
report upon extensive measurements on 60 pixels in order to show the uniformity
of our large TES array. The averaged critical temperature is $T_\mathrm{c}$ =
89.5$\pm$0.5 mK and the variation across the array ($\sim$1 cm) is less than
1.5 mK. We found a large region of detector's bias points between 20\% and 40\%
of the normal-state resistance where the energy resolution is constantly lower
than 3 eV. In particular, results show a summed X-ray spectral resolution
$\Delta E_\mathrm{FWHM}$ = 2.50$\pm$0.04 eV at a photon energy of 5.9 keV,
measured in a single-pixel mode using a frequency domain multiplexing (FDM)
readout system developed at SRON/VTT at bias frequencies ranging from 1 to 5
MHz. Moreover we compare the logarithmic resistance sensitivity with respect to
temperature and current ($\alpha$ and $\beta$ respectively) and their
correlation with the detector's noise parameter $M$, showing an homogeneous
behaviour for all the measured pixels in the array.
Volume
92
Issue
2
Issn Identifier
0034-6748
Rights
open.access
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