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OKD: Kubernetes and OpenShift at a Glance

Date Issued
May 18, 2026
Author(s)
DOI
Abstract
This Technical Report documents the end-to-end deployment and operational setup of an OKD 4.21 cluster using the UPI (User Provisioned Infrastructure) method on Proxmox VE. The first part of the document describes the installation process, including target architecture, infrastructure prerequisites, network topology, DNS configuration, HAProxy load balancing, ignition file generation and delivery, bootstrap sequencing, Machine Config Server routing, control-plane and worker node provisioning, certificate lifecycle considerations, and Proxmox-specific requirements. The second part extends the installation report into a practical operations vademecum. It documents the post-installation configuration of the cluster, including dedicated worker networking for external Ceph connectivity, Ceph RBD integration through Ceph-CSI, StorageClass creation, persistent volume validation, HTPasswd-based authentication, project and group management, tenant onboarding, bastion-based user access, and backup procedures for Ceph-CSI manifests, authentication objects, tenant project resources, application manifests, and selected pre-update cluster state. The report also provides practical application deployment examples, including a Python-based web application using persistent Ceph-backed storage, HTTPS exposure through OpenShift Routes, non-admin user workflows, parametrized application templates for multiple users, and validation procedures for persistence, routing, and project-level permissions. A significant part of the document is intended as an operational command reference. Common administrative and user tasks are presented with both OpenShift commands and their Kubernetes equivalents where applicable. These include checking pods, nodes, services, routes, Kubernetes Ingress equivalents, persistent volumes, logs, deployments, rollouts, user permissions, scheduling behavior, node failures, workload relocation, and cluster update procedures. Particular attention is given to troubleshooting and selected operational recovery scenarios encountered during and after installation, including bootstrap API failures, ignition retrieval problems, HAProxy and MCS routing issues, certificate expiration, CoreOS installer usage, Ceph-CSI adjustments, PVC binding behavior, OpenShift SCC requirements, tenant RBAC validation, and the expected behavior of workloads when a worker node becomes unavailable. The report is intended as: -​ A deployment guide for future OKD UPI installations on Proxmox VE -​ An operations handbook for administrators and users of the deployed OKD cluster -​ A troubleshooting and recovery reference for installation, storage, authentication, application deployment, and routine cluster operations
Series
Report number
400
Uri
Rights
open.access
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OKD: Kubernetes and OpenShift at a Glance.pdf

Type

Postprint

Size

830.44 KB

Format

Adobe PDF

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