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A Supernova Candidate at z = 0.092 in XMM-Newton Archival Data

Journal
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Novara, Giovanni
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Vianello, Giacomo
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Greiner, Jochen
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Rosen, Simon
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Delvaux, Corentin
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Lisini, Gianni
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DOI
Abstract
During a search for X-ray transients in the XMM-Newton archive within the EXTraS project, we discovered a new X-ray source that is detected only during an ∼5 min interval of an ∼21 hr-long observation performed on 2011 June 21 (EXMM 023135.0-603743, probability of a random Poissonian fluctuation: ∼1.4 × 10-27). With dedicated follow-up observations, we found that its position is consistent with a star-forming galaxy (SFR = 1-2 M⊙ yr-1) at redshift z = 0.092 ± 0.003 (d = 435 ± 15 Mpc). At this redshift, the energy released during the transient event was 2.8 × 1046 erg in the 0.3-10 keV energy band (in the source rest frame). The luminosity of the transient, together with its spectral and timing properties, make EXMM 023135.0-603743 a gripping analog to the X-ray transient associated to SN 2008D, which was discovered during a Swift/XRT observation of the nearby (d = 27 Mpc) supernova-rich galaxy NGC 2770. We interpret the XMM-Newton event as a supernova shock break-out or an early cocoon, and show that our serendipitous discovery is broadly compatible with the rate of core-collapse supernovae derived from optical observations and much higher than that of tidal disruption events.
Volume
898
Issue
1
Start page
37
Uri
Url
Issn Identifier
0004-637X
Ads BibCode
2020ApJ...898...37N
Rights
open.access
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