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  1. OA@INAF
  2. PRODOTTI RICERCA INAF
  3. 1 CONTRIBUTI IN RIVISTE (Journal articles)
  4. 1.01 Articoli in rivista
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/27365
Title: Seeds of Life in Space (SOLIS). II. Formamide in protostellar shocks: Evidence for gas-phase formation
Authors: CODELLA, CLAUDIO 
Ceccarelli, C.
Caselli, P.
Balucani, N.
Barone, V.
FONTANI, FRANCESCO 
Lefloch, B.
PODIO, LINDA 
Viti, S.
Feng, S.
Bachiller, R.
Bianchi, E.
Dulieu, F.
Jiménez-Serra, I.
Holdship, J.
Neri, R.
Pineda, J. E.
Pon, A.
Sims, I.
Spezzano, S.
Vasyunin, A. I.
Alves, F.
Bizzocchi, L.
Bottinelli, S.
Caux, E.
Chacón-Tanarro, A.
Choudhury, R.
Coutens, A.
Favre, C.
Hily-Blant, P.
Kahane, C.
Jaber Al-Edhari, A.
Laas, J.
López-Sepulcre, A.
Ospina, J.
Oya, Y.
Punanova, A.
Puzzarini, C.
Quenard, D.
Rimola, A.
Sakai, N.
Skouteris, D.
Taquet, V.
Testi, L. 
Theulé, P.
Ugliengo, P.
Vastel, C.
Vazart, F.
Wiesenfeld, L.
Yamamoto, S.
Issue Date: 2017
Journal: ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 
Number: 605
First Page: L3
Abstract: Context. Modern versions of the Miller-Urey experiment claim that formamide (NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO) could be the starting point for the formation of metabolic and genetic macromolecules. Intriguingly, formamide is indeed observed in regions forming solar-type stars and in external galaxies. <BR /> Aims: How NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO is formed has been a puzzle for decades: our goal is to contribute to the hotly debated question of whether formamide is mostly formed via gas-phase or grain surface chemistry. <BR /> Methods: We used the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) interferometer to image NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO towards the L1157-B1 blue-shifted shock, a well-known interstellar laboratory, to study how the components of dust mantles and cores released into the gas phase triggers the formation of formamide. <BR /> Results: We report the first spatially resolved image (size 9″, 2300 AU) of formamide emission in a shocked region around a Sun-like protostar: the line profiles are blueshifted and have a FWHM ≃ 5 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. A column density of N<SUB>NH<SUB>2</SUB>CHO</SUB> = 8 × 10<SUP>12</SUP> cm<SUP>-1</SUP> and an abundance, with respect to H-nuclei, of 4 × 10<SUP>-9</SUP> are derived. We show a spatial segregation of formamide with respect to other organic species. Our observations, coupled with a chemical modelling analysis, indicate that the formamide observed in L1157-B1 is formed by a gas-phase chemical process and not on grain surfaces as previously suggested. <BR /> Conclusions: The Seeds of Life in Space (SOLIS) interferometric observations of formamide provide direct evidence that this potentially crucial brick of life is efficiently formed in the gas phase around Sun-like protostars. <P />The reduced datacube is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (<A href="http://130.79.128.5">http://130.79.128.5</A>) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/605/L3">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/605/L3
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/27365
URL: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2017/09/aa31249-17/aa31249-17.html
ISSN: 0004-6361
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201731249
Bibcode ADS: 2017A&A...605L...3C
Fulltext: open
Appears in Collections:1.01 Articoli in rivista

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