Title: | A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL |
Authors: | Tinetti, Giovanna Drossart, Pierre Eccleston, Paul Hartogh, Paul Heske, Astrid Leconte, Jérémy MICELA, Giuseppina Ollivier, Marc Pilbratt, Göran Puig, Ludovic TURRINI, Diego Radioti, Aikaterini Réess, Jean-Michel Rezac, Ladislav Rocchetto, Marco Rosich, Albert SANNA, Nicoletta BONOMO, ALDO STEFANO Santerne, Alexandre MALAGUTI, GIUSEPPE PICCIONI, GIUSEPPE Duong, Bastien Savini, Giorgio SCANDARIATO, GAETANO Sicardy, Bruno Sierra, Carles SINDONI, Giuseppe Skup, Konrad Snellen, Ignas Sobiecki, Mateusz BRUCATO, John Robert Soret, Lauriane Eales, Stephen Charnay, Bejamin SOZZETTI, Alessandro Min, Michiel Stiepen, A. Strugarek, Antoine Taylor, Jake Taylor, William TERENZI, LUCA Tessenyi, Marcell TSIARAS, ANGELOS Edwards, Billy Brun, Allan Sacha Miguel, Yamila Tucker, C. Valencia, Diana Vasisht, Gautam Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik Vazan, Allona Vilardell, Francesc Vinatier, Sabrine VITI, SERENA FARINA, Maria Waters, Rens Wawer, Piotr Pinfield, David Bryson, Ian Wawrzaszek, Anna Whitworth, Anthony Yung, Yuk L. Yurchenko, Sergey N. Rataj, Mirek Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero FLACCOMIO, Ettore Zellem, Robert ZINGALES, TIZIANO Zwart, Frans Sarkar, Subhajit Ray, Tom Bujwan, Waldemar Ribas, Ignasi Swain, Mark Szabo, Robert Werner, Stephanie Fletcher, Leigh Barstow, Joanna Burleigh, Matt Cho, James du Foresto, Vincent Coudé Selsis, Franck Coustenis, Athena Decin, Leen Casewell, Sarah Encrenaz, Therese Tennyson, Jonathan Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe Triaud, Amaury Venot, Olivia Waldmann, Ingo Waltham, David Wright, Gillian Amiaux, Jerome Minier, Vincent CECCHI PESTELLINI, Cesare Auguères, Jean-Louis Berthé, Michel Forget, François Bezawada, Naidu Bishop, Georgia Bowles, Neil Coffey, Deirdre Colomé, Josep Crook, Martin Crouzet, Pierre-Elie Morello, Giuseppe Da Peppo, Vania Vandenbussche, Bart Fossey, Steve Sanz, Isabel Escudero FOCARDI, MAURO Frericks, Martin Hunt, Tom Kohley, Ralf Middleton, Kevin MORGANTE, GIANLUCA Ottensamer, Roland MURA, Alessandro Pace, Emanuele Oliva, Fabrizio Pearson, Chris Chen, Guo Stamper, Richard Symonds, Kate Rengel, Miriam Renotte, Etienne Ade, Peter AFFER, Laura Alard, Christophe Narita, Norio Galand, Marina Allard, Nicole ALTIERI, FRANCESCA André, Yves CIARAVELLA, Angela ARENA, CLAUDIO Argyriou, Ioannis Aylward, Alan BACCANI, CRISTIAN Bakos, Gaspar Banaszkiewicz, Marek Fränz, Markus NASCIMBENI, VALERIO Barlow, Mike Batista, Virginie BELLUCCI, Giancarlo BENATTI, SERENA CLAUDI, Riccardo Bernardi, Pernelle Bézard, Bruno Blecka, Maria Bolmont, Emeline Fujii, Yuka Clédassou, Rodolphe Nguyen Tong, N. Damasso, Mario DAMIANO, MARIO DANIELSKI, Camilla Deroo, Pieter DI GIORGIO, Anna Maria Dominik, Carsten WOLKENBERG, PAULINA MARIA Doublier, Vanessa García-Piquer, Álvaro Doyle, Simon Doyon, René NOCE, VLADIMIRO Drummond, Benjamin Gear, Walter Geoffray, Hervé Gérard, Jean Claude Gesa, Lluis Gomez, H. Buchave, Lars A. Graczyk, Rafał Gillon, Michael Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Griffith, Caitlin Grodent, Denis GUARCELLO, Mario Giuseppe Gustin, Jacques Hamano, Keiko Hargrave, Peter Hello, Yann Heng, Kevin Herrero, Enrique Helled, Ravit Ferus, Martin Bonfond, Bertrand Hornstrup, Allan Hubert, Benoit Ida, Shigeru Ikoma, Masahiro Iro, Nicolas Irwin, Patrick Jarchow, Christopher Jaubert, Jean Morales, Juan Carlos Jones, Hugh Julien, Queyrel Palle, Enric Griffin, Matt Kameda, Shingo Kerschbaum, Franz Kervella, Pierre Koskinen, Tommi Krijger, Matthijs Krupp, Norbert Muñoz, Antonio García Lafarga, Marina LANDINI, FEDERICO Lellouch, Emanuel Palmer, Paul LETO, Giuseppe Guedel, Manuel Luntzer, A. Rank-Lüftinger, Theresa MAGGIO, Antonio Maldonado, Jesus Moneti, Andrea Maillard, Jean-Pierre Mall, Urs Marquette, Jean-Baptiste Mathis, Stephane PANCRAZZI, Maurizio Maxted, Pierre Matsuo, Taro Justtanont, Kay Medvedev, Alexander Papageorgiou, Andreas PAGANO, Isabella Parmentier, Vivien Perger, Manuel PETRALIA, ANTONINO PEZZUTO, Stefano Pierrehumbert, Ray PILLITTERI, Ignazio Francesco Bonito, Rosaria Machado, Pedro Piotto, Giampaolo Pisano, Giampaolo Pascale, Enzo PRISINZANO, Loredana |
Issue Date: | 2018 |
Journal: | EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY |
Number: | 46 |
Issue: | 1 |
First Page: | 135 |
Abstract: | Thousands of exoplanets have now been discovered with a huge range of masses, sizes and orbits: from rocky Earth-like planets to large gas giants grazing the surface of their host star. However, the essential nature of these exoplanets remains largely mysterious: there is no known, discernible pattern linking the presence, size, or orbital parameters of a planet to the nature of its parent star. We have little idea whether the chemistry of a planet is linked to its formation environment, or whether the type of host star drives the physics and chemistry of the planet's birth, and evolution. ARIEL was conceived to observe a large number ( 1000) of transiting planets for statistical understanding, including gas giants, Neptunes, super-Earths and Earth-size planets around a range of host star types using transit spectroscopy in the 1.25-7.8 μm spectral range and multiple narrow-band photometry in the optical. ARIEL will focus on warm and hot planets to take advantage of their well-mixed atmospheres which should show minimal condensation and sequestration of high-Z materials compared to their colder Solar System siblings. Said warm and hot atmospheres are expected to be more representative of the planetary bulk composition. Observations of these warm/hot exoplanets, and in particular of their elemental composition (especially C, O, N, S, Si), will allow the understanding of the early stages of planetary and atmospheric formation during the nebular phase and the following few million years. ARIEL will thus provide a representative picture of the chemical nature of the exoplanets and relate this directly to the type and chemical environment of the host star. ARIEL is designed as a dedicated survey mission for combined-light spectroscopy, capable of observing a large and well-defined planet sample within its 4-year mission lifetime. Transit, eclipse and phase-curve spectroscopy methods, whereby the signal from the star and planet are differentiated using knowledge of the planetary ephemerides, allow us to measure atmospheric signals from the planet at levels of 10-100 part per million (ppm) relative to the star and, given the bright nature of targets, also allows more sophisticated techniques, such as eclipse mapping, to give a deeper insight into the nature of the atmosphere. These types of observations require a stable payload and satellite platform with broad, instantaneous wavelength coverage to detect many molecular species, probe the thermal structure, identify clouds and monitor the stellar activity. The wavelength range proposed covers all the expected major atmospheric gases from e.g. H<SUB>2</SUB>O, CO<SUB>2</SUB>, CH<SUB>4</SUB> NH<SUB>3</SUB>, HCN, H<SUB>2</SUB>S through to the more exotic metallic compounds, such as TiO, VO, and condensed species. Simulations of ARIEL performance in conducting exoplanet surveys have been performed - using conservative estimates of mission performance and a full model of all significant noise sources in the measurement - using a list of potential ARIEL targets that incorporates the latest available exoplanet statistics. The conclusion at the end of the Phase A study, is that ARIEL - in line with the stated mission objectives - will be able to observe about 1000 exoplanets depending on the details of the adopted survey strategy, thus confirming the feasibility of the main science objectives. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/30022 |
URL: | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10686-018-9598-x |
ISSN: | 0922-6435 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10686-018-9598-x |
Bibcode ADS: | 2018ExA....46..135T |
Fulltext: | reserved |
Appears in Collections: | 1.01 Articoli in rivista
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