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Title: | Martian dust storm impact on atmospheric H2O and D/H observed by ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter | Authors: | Vandaele, Ann Carine Korablev, Oleg Daerden, Frank Aoki, Shohei Thomas, Ian R. ALTIERI, FRANCESCA López-Valverde, Miguel Villanueva, Geronimo Liuzzi, Giuliano Smith, Michael D. Erwin, Justin T. Trompet, Loïc Fedorova, Anna A. Montmessin, Franck Trokhimovskiy, Alexander Belyaev, Denis A. Ignatiev, Nikolay I. Luginin, Mikhail Olsen, Kevin S. Baggio, Lucio Alday, Juan Bertaux, Jean-Loup Betsis, Daria Bolsée, David Clancy, R. Todd CLOUTIS, EDWARD Depiesse, Cédric Funke, Bernd Garcia-Comas, Maia Gérard, Jean-Claude GIURANNA, MARCO Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco Grigoriev, Alexey V. Ivanov, Yuriy S. Kaminski, Jacek Karatekin, Ozgur Lefèvre, Franck Lewis, Stephen López-Puertas, Manuel Mahieux, Arnaud Maslov, Igor Mason, Jon Mumma, Michael J. Neary, Lori Neefs, Eddy Patrakeev, Andrey Patsaev, Dmitry Ristic, Bojan Robert, Séverine Schmidt, Frédéric Shakun, Alexey Teanby, Nicholas A. Viscardy, Sébastien Willame, Yannick Whiteway, James Wilquet, Valérie Wolff, Michael J. BELLUCCI, Giancarlo Patel, Manish R. López-Moreno, Jose-Juan Forget, François Wilson, Colin F. Svedhem, Håkan Vago, Jorge L. Rodionov, Daniel NOMAD Science Team Alonso-Rodrigo, Gustavo Bauduin, Sophie Carrozzo, Giacomo Crismani, Matteo da Pieve, Fabiana D'AVERSA, EMILIANO Etiope, Giuseppe Fussen, Didier Geminale, Anna Gkouvelis, Leo Holmes, James Hubert, Benoît Ignatiev, Nicolay I. Kasaba, Yasumasa Kass, David Kleinböhl, Armin LANCIANO, ORIETTA Nakagawa, Hiromu Novak, Robert E. Oliva, Fabrizio Piccialli, Arianna Renotte, Etienne Ritter, Birgit Schneider, Nick SINDONI, Giuseppe Thiemann, Ed Vander Auwera, Jean Wilquet, Valerie WOLKENBERG, PAULINA MARIA Yelle, Roger ACS Science Team Anufreychik, Konstantin Arnold, Gabriele Duxbury, Natalia Fouchet, Thierry GRASSI, Davide Guerlet, Sandrine Hartogh, Paul Khatuntsev, Igor Kokonkov, Nikita Krasnopolsky, Vladimir Kuzmin, Ruslan Lacombe, Gaétan Lellouch, Emmanuel Määttänen, Anni Marcq, Emmanuel Martin-Torres, Javier Medvedev, Alexander Millour, Ehouarn Moshkin, Boris Quantin-Nataf, Cathy Rodin, Alexander Shematovich, Valery Thomas, Nicolas Trokhimovsky, Alexander Vazquez, Luis Vincendon, Matthieu Young, Roland Zasova, Ludmila Zelenyi, Lev Zorzano, Maria Paz |
Issue Date: | 2019 | Journal: | NATURE | Number: | 568 | Issue: | 7753 | First Page: | 521 | Abstract: | Global dust storms on Mars are rare<SUP>1,2</SUP> but can affect the Martian atmosphere for several months. They can cause changes in atmospheric dynamics and inflation of the atmosphere<SUP>3</SUP>, primarily owing to solar heating of the dust<SUP>3</SUP>. In turn, changes in atmospheric dynamics can affect the distribution of atmospheric water vapour, with potential implications for the atmospheric photochemistry and climate on Mars<SUP>4</SUP>. Recent observations of the water vapour abundance in the Martian atmosphere during dust storm conditions revealed a high-altitude increase in atmospheric water vapour that was more pronounced at high northern latitudes<SUP>5,6</SUP>, as well as a decrease in the water column at low latitudes<SUP>7,8</SUP>. Here we present concurrent, high-resolution measurements of dust, water and semiheavy water (HDO) at the onset of a global dust storm, obtained by the NOMAD and ACS instruments onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. We report the vertical distribution of the HDO/H<SUB>2</SUB>O ratio (D/H) from the planetary boundary layer up to an altitude of 80 kilometres. Our findings suggest that before the onset of the dust storm, HDO abundances were reduced to levels below detectability at altitudes above 40 kilometres. This decrease in HDO coincided with the presence of water-ice clouds. During the storm, an increase in the abundance of H<SUB>2</SUB>O and HDO was observed at altitudes between 40 and 80 kilometres. We propose that these increased abundances may be the result of warmer temperatures during the dust storm causing stronger atmospheric circulation and preventing ice cloud formation, which may confine water vapour to lower altitudes through gravitational fall and subsequent sublimation of ice crystals<SUP>3</SUP>. The observed changes in H<SUB>2</SUB>O and HDO abundance occurred within a few days during the development of the dust storm, suggesting a fast impact of dust storms on the Martian atmosphere. | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/30770 | URL: | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1097-3 | ISSN: | 0028-0836 | DOI: | 10.1038/s41586-019-1097-3 | Bibcode ADS: | 2019Natur.568..521V | Fulltext: | open |
Appears in Collections: | 1.01 Articoli in rivista |
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2019 Vandaele Nature.pdf | preprint | 1.88 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Natures41586-019-1097-3.pdf | [Administrators only] | 8.26 MB | Adobe PDF |
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