XXL Survey groups and clusters in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey. Scaling relations between X-ray properties and weak lensing mass

Abstract

Scaling relations trace the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters. We exploited multi-wavelength surveys - the XXL survey at XMM-Newton in the X-ray band, and the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program for optical weak lensing - to study an X-ray selected, complete sample of clusters and groups. The scalings of gas mass, temperature, and soft-band X-ray luminosity with the weak lensing mass show imprints of radiative cooling and active galactic nucleus feedback in groups. From the multi-variate analysis, we found some evidence for steeper than self-similar slopes for gas mass (β _{m_g|m}=1.73 ± 0.80) and luminosity (β<SUB>l|m</SUB> = 1.91 ± 0.94) and a nearly self-similar slope for the temperature (β<SUB>t|m</SUB> = 0.78 ± 0.43). Intrinsic scatters of X-ray properties appear to be positively correlated at a fixed mass (median correlation factor ρ _{X_1X_2|m}˜ 0.34) due to dynamical state and merger history of the haloes. Positive correlations with the weak lensing mass (median correlation factor ρ _{m_wlX|m}˜ 0.35) can be connected to triaxiality and orientation. Comparison of weak lensing and hydrostatic masses suggests a small role played by non-thermal pressure support (9± 17 per cent).