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  1. OA@INAF
  2. PRODOTTI RICERCA INAF
  3. 1 CONTRIBUTI IN RIVISTE (Journal articles)
  4. 1.01 Articoli in rivista
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/31730
Title: Multiwavelength variability and correlation studies of Mrk 421 during historically low X-ray and γ-ray activity in 2015-2016
Authors: Acciari, V. A.
Ansoldi, S.
ANTONELLI, Lucio Angelo 
Asano, K.
Babić, A.
Banerjee, B.
Baquero, A.
de Almeida, U. Barres
Barrio, J. A.
Becerra González, J.
Bednarek, W.
Makariev, M.
Mallamaci, M.
Maneva, G.
Manganaro, M.
Maraschi, L.
Mariotti, M.
Martínez, M.
Mazin, D.
Mender, S.
Mićanović, S.
Bellizzi, L.
Miceli, D.
Miener, T.
Minev, M.
Miranda, J. M.
Mirzoyan, R.
Molina, E.
Moralejo, A.
Morcuende, D.
Moreno, V.
Moretti, E.
Bernardini, E.
Munar-Adrover, P.
Neustroev, V.
Nigro, C.
Nilsson, K.
Ninci, D.
Nishijima, K.
Noda, K.
Nozaki, S.
Ohtani, Y.
Oka, T.
Bernardos, M.
Otero-Santos, J.
Palatiello, M.
Paneque, D.
Paoletti, R.
Paredes, J. M.
Pavletić, L.
Peñil, P.
Perennes, C.
PERSIC, Massimo 
Prada Moroni, P. G.
Berti, A.
PRANDINI, ELISA 
Priyadarshi, C.
Puljak, I.
Rhode, W.
Ribó, M.
Rico, J.
Righi, Chiara 
Rugliancich, A.
Saha, L.
Sahakyan, N.
Besenrieder, J.
Saito, T.
Sakurai, S.
Satalecka, K.
Schleicher, B.
Schmidt, K.
Schweizer, T.
Sitarek, J.
Šnidarić, I.
Sobczynska, D.
Spolon, A.
Bhattacharyya, W.
STAMERRA, Antonio 
Strom, D.
Strzys, M.
Suda, Y.
Surić, T.
Takahashi, M.
TAVECCHIO, Fabrizio 
Temnikov, P.
Terzić, T.
Teshima, M.
BIGONGIARI, Ciro 
Torres-Albà, N.
Tosti, L.
Truzzi, S.
van Scherpenberg, J.
Vanzo, G.
Vazquez Acosta, M.
Ventura, S.
Verguilov, V.
Vigorito, C. F.
Vitale, V.
Blanch, O.
Vovk, I.
Will, M.
Zarić, D.
Arbet-Engels, A.
Baack, D.
Balbo, M.
Beck, M.
Biederbeck, N.
Biland, A.
Bretz, T.
Bonnoli, G.
Bruegge, K.
Buss, J.
Dorner, D.
Elsaesser, D.
Hildebrand, D.
Iotov, R.
Klinger, M.
Mannheim, K.
Neise, D.
Neronov, A.
Bošnjak, Ž.
Noethe, M.
Paravac, A.
Rhode, W.
Schleicher, B.
Sliusar, V.
Theissen, F.
Walter, R.
Valverde, J.
Horan, D.
GIROLETTI, MARCELLO 
Busetto, G.
PERRI, Matteo 
VERRECCHIA, Francesco 
Leto, C.
Sadun, A. C.
Moody, J. W.
Joner, M.
Marscher, A. P.
Jorstad, S. G.
Lähteenmäki, A.
Tornikoski, M.
Carosi, R.
Ramakrishnan, V.
Järvelä, E.
Vera, R. J. C.
RIGHINI, SIMONA 
Lien, A. Y.
Ceribella, G.
Cerruti, M.
Chai, Y.
Chilingarian, A.
Cikota, S.
Colak, S. M.
Colombo, E.
Contreras, J. L.
Cortina, J.
COVINO, Stefano 
D'Amico, G.
D'Elia, V.
Da Vela, P.
Dazzi, F.
De Angelis, A.
De Lotto, B.
Delfino, M.
Delgado, J.
Delgado Mendez, C.
Depaoli, D.
Di Girolamo, T.
Di Pierro, F.
Di Venere, L.
Do Souto Espiñeira, E.
Dominis Prester, D.
Donini, A.
Doro, M.
Fallah Ramazani, V.
Fattorini, A.
Ferrara, G.
Foffano, L.
Fonseca, M. V.
Font, L.
Fruck, C.
Fukami, S.
García López, R. J.
Garczarczyk, M.
Gasparyan, S.
Gaug, M.
Giglietto, N.
Giordano, F.
Gliwny, P.
Godinović, N.
GREEN, JARRED GERSHON 
Green, D.
Hadasch, D.
Hahn, A.
Heckmann, L.
Herrera, J.
Hoang, J.
Hrupec, D.
Hütten, M.
Inada, T.
Inoue, S.
Ishio, K.
Iwamura, Y.
Jormanainen, J.
Jouvin, L.
Kajiwara, Y.
Karjalainen, M.
Kerszberg, D.
Kobayashi, Y.
Kubo, H.
Kushida, J.
LAMASTRA, Alessandra 
Lelas, D.
LEONE, FRANCESCO 
Lindfors, E.
LOMBARDI, Saverio 
Longo, F.
López, M.
López-Coto, R.
López-Oramas, A.
Loporchio, S.
Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.
Maggio, C.
Majumdar, P.
Issue Date: 2021
Journal: MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 
Number: 504
Issue: 1
First Page: 1427
Abstract: We report a characterization of the multiband flux variability and correlations of the nearby (z = 0.031) blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) using data from Metsähovi, Swift, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, FACT, and other collaborations and instruments from 2014 November till 2016 June. Mrk 421 did not show any prominent flaring activity, but exhibited periods of historically low activity above 1 TeV (F<SUB>>1 TeV</SUB> < 1.7 × 10<SUP>-12</SUP> ph cm<SUP>-2</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>) and in the 2-10 keV (X-ray) band (F$_{2-10\, \mathrm{keV}}\lt 3.6\times 10^{-11}$ erg cm<SUP>-2</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>), during which the Swift-BAT data suggest an additional spectral component beyond the regular synchrotron emission. The highest flux variability occurs in X-rays and very high-energy (E > 0.1 TeV) γ-rays, which, despite the low activity, show a significant positive correlation with no time lag. The HR<SUB>keV</SUB> and HR<SUB>TeV</SUB> show the harder-when-brighter trend observed in many blazars, but the trend flattens at the highest fluxes, which suggests a change in the processes dominating the blazar variability. Enlarging our data set with data from years 2007 to 2014, we measured a positive correlation between the optical and the GeV emission over a range of about 60 d centred at time lag zero, and a positive correlation between the optical/GeV and the radio emission over a range of about 60 d centred at a time lag of $43^{+9}_{-6}$ d. This observation is consistent with the radio-bright zone being located about 0.2 parsec downstream from the optical/GeV emission regions of the jet. The flux distributions are better described with a lognormal function in most of the energy bands probed, indicating that the variability in Mrk 421 is likely produced by a multiplicative process.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/31730
URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.01348v1
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/504/1/1427/6027705?login=true
ISSN: 0035-8711
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa3727
Bibcode ADS: 2021MNRAS.504.1427A
Fulltext: open
Appears in Collections:1.01 Articoli in rivista

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