Title: | First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VIII. Magnetic Field Structure near The Event Horizon |
Authors: | Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration Akiyama, Kazunori Algaba, Juan Carlos Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Baloković, Mislav Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Boland, Wilfred Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Boyce, Hope Bremer, Michael Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Byun, Do-Young Carlstrom, John E. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-kwan Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chesler, Paul M. Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre Conway, John E. Cordes, James M. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu Davelaar, Jordy De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Dexter, Jason Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eatough, Ralph P. Falcke, Heino Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Ed Ford, H. Alyson Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Friberg, Per Fromm, Christian M. Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter Gammie, Charles F. García, Roberto Gelles, Zachary Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris GODDI, CIRIACO Gold, Roman Gómez, José L. Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hecht, Michael H. Hesper, Ronald Himwich, Elizabeth Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra Johnson, Michael D. Jorstad, Svetlana Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Kofuji, Yutaro Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Michael Kramer, Carsten Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu Lauer, Tod R. Lee, Sang-Sung Levis, Aviad Li, Yan-Rong Li, Zhiyuan Lindqvist, Michael LICO, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo LIUZZO, Elisabetta Teodorina Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin Lu, Ru-Sen MacDonald, Nicholas R. Mao, Jirong MARCHILI, Nicola Markoff, Sera Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Martí-Vidal, Iván Matsushita, Satoki Matthews, Lynn D. Medeiros, Lia Menten, Karl M. Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Moran, James M. Moriyama, Kotaro Moscibrodzka, Monika Müller, Cornelia Musoke, Gibwa Mus Mejías, Alejandro Michalik, Daniel Nadolski, Andrew Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nakamura, Masanori Narayan, Ramesh Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Nathanail, Antonios Neilsen, Joey Neri, Roberto Ni, Chunchong Noutsos, Aristeidis Nowak, Michael A. Okino, Hiroki Olivares, Héctor Ortiz-León, Gisela N. Oyama, Tomoaki Özel, Feryal Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Park, Jongho Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li Pesce, Dominic W. Piétu, Vincent Plambeck, Richard PopStefanija, Aleksandar Porth, Oliver Pötzl, Felix M. Prather, Ben Preciado-López, Jorge A. Psaltis, Dimitrios Pu, Hung-Yi Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad Rawlings, Mark G. Raymond, Alexander W. Rezzolla, Luciano Ricarte, Angelo Ripperda, Bart Roelofs, Freek Rogers, Alan Ros, Eduardo Rose, Mel Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge Roy, Alan L. Ruszczyk, Chet RYGL, Kazi Lucie Jessica Sánchez, Salvador Sánchez-Arguelles, David Sasada, Mahito Savolainen, Tuomas Schloerb, F. Peter Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shao, Lijing Shen, Zhiqiang Small, Des Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Sun, He Tazaki, Fumie Tetarenko, Alexandra J. Tiede, Paul Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Toma, Kenji Torne, Pablo Trent, Tyler Traianou, Efthalia Trippe, Sascha van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan van Rossum, Daniel R. Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Weintroub, Jonathan Wex, Norbert Wharton, Robert Wielgus, Maciek Wong, George N. Wu, Qingwen Yoon, Doosoo Young, André Young, Ken Younsi, Ziri Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zensus, J. Anton Zhao, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan |
Issue Date: | 2021 |
Journal: | THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS |
Number: | 910 |
Issue: | 1 |
First Page: | L13 |
Abstract: | Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations at 230 GHz have now imaged polarized emission around the supermassive black hole in M87 on event-horizon scales. This polarized synchrotron radiation probes the structure of magnetic fields and the plasma properties near the black hole. Here we compare the resolved polarization structure observed by the EHT, along with simultaneous unresolved observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, to expectations from theoretical models. The low fractional linear polarization in the resolved image suggests that the polarization is scrambled on scales smaller than the EHT beam, which we attribute to Faraday rotation internal to the emission region. We estimate the average density n<SUB>e</SUB> ∼ 10<SUP>4-7</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>, magnetic field strength B ∼ 1-30 G, and electron temperature T<SUB>e</SUB> ∼ (1-12) × 10<SUP>10</SUP> K of the radiating plasma in a simple one-zone emission model. We show that the net azimuthal linear polarization pattern may result from organized, poloidal magnetic fields in the emission region. In a quantitative comparison with a large library of simulated polarimetric images from general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations, we identify a subset of physical models that can explain critical features of the polarimetric EHT observations while producing a relativistic jet of sufficient power. The consistent GRMHD models are all of magnetically arrested accretion disks, where near-horizon magnetic fields are dynamically important. We use the models to infer a mass accretion rate onto the black hole in M87 of (3-20) × 10<SUP>-4</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/31835 |
URL: | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/abe4de https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85103626755 |
ISSN: | 2041-8205 |
DOI: | 10.3847/2041-8213/abe4de |
Bibcode ADS: | 2021ApJ...910L..13E |
Fulltext: | open |
Appears in Collections: | 1.01 Articoli in rivista
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