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  1. OA@INAF
  2. PRODOTTI RICERCA INAF
  3. 1 CONTRIBUTI IN RIVISTE (Journal articles)
  4. 1.01 Articoli in rivista
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/34219
Title: Scrutinizing the relationship between plage areas and sunspot areas and numbers
Authors: Theodosios Chatzistergos
ERMOLLI, Ilaria 
Natalie A. Krivova
Teresa Barata
Sara Carvalho
Jean-Marie Malherbe
Issue Date: 2022
Journal: ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 
Number: 667
First Page: A167
Abstract: Studies and reconstructions of past solar activity require data on sunspots as well as faculae/plage and network. Such data are also important for understanding the magnetic activity and variability of the Sun and Sun-like stars. The longest available direct faculae/plage datasets are white-light facular and Ca II K observations going back to 1874 and 1892, respectively. Prior to that time, the only direct data available are for sunspots. We reassess the relationship between plage areas and sunspot records (areas and numbers) since 1892, to allow reconstructions of facular/plage areas which can be employed for studies going further back in time, i.e. over the period when solely sunspot observations are available. We use the plage areas derived from 38 consistently processed Ca II K archives as well as the plage area composite based on these archives. We find the relationship between plage and sunspot areas and numbers to be well represented by a power law function. We further find that the relationships depend on the bandwidth and the solar cycle strength. The reconstructions with a power law relationship are in good agreement with the original plage area series, whereas employment of a cycle-strength-dependent relationship improves the reconstructions only marginally. Performing the same analysis on other previously published plage area series, usually derived from a single archive with diverse processing techniques, returns different results when using different time series. This highlights the importance of applying a consistent processing to the various archives and demonstrates the uncertainties introduced by using previously published series. Our results have implications for past solar activity and irradiance reconstructions as well as for stellar activity studies, which sometimes assume a linear dependence between plage and sunspot areas.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/34219
URL: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2022/11/aa44913-22/aa44913-22.html
http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.07077v1
ISSN: 0004-6361
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244913
Fulltext: open
Appears in Collections:1.01 Articoli in rivista

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