The PEPSI Exoplanet Transit Survey (PETS)

Journal
Date Issued
2023
Author(s)
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•
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Gaudi, B. S.
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Henning, Th.
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Ilyin, I.
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Johnson, M. C.
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Mallonn, M.
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Molaverdikhani, K.
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Patience, J.
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Poppenhaeger, K.
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Schlawin, E.
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Shkolnik, E. L.
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Strassmeier, K. G.
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Veillet, C.
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Wang, J.
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Yan, F.
DOI
Abstract
Context. Hot giant planets such as MASCARA-1 b are expected to have thermally inverted atmospheres, which makes them perfect laboratories for atmospheric characterization through high-resolution spectroscopy. Nonetheless, previous attempts at detecting the atmosphere of MASCARA-1 b in transmission have led to negative results. Aims. We aim to detect the optical emission spectrum of MASCARA-1 b. Methods. We used the high-resolution spectrograph PEPSI to observe MASCARA-1 (spectral type A8) near the secondary eclipse of the planet. We cross-correlated the spectra with synthetic templates computed for several atomic and molecular species. Results. We detect Fe I, Cr I, and Ti I in the atmosphere of MASCARA-1 b with a S/N ≈ 7, 4, and 5, respectively, and confirm the expected systemic velocity of ≈ 13 km s-1 and the radial velocity semi-amplitude of MASCARA-1 b of ≈200 km s-1. The detection of Ti is of particular importance in the context of the recently proposed phenomenon of Ti cold-trapping below a certain planetary equilibrium temperature. Conclusions. We confirm the presence of an atmosphere around MASCARA-1 b through emission spectroscopy. We conclude that the atmospheric non-detection in transmission spectroscopy is due to the strong gravity of the planet and/or to the overlap between the planetary track and its Doppler shadow.
Volume
674
Start page
A58
Uri
Url
Issn Identifier
0004-6361
Rights
open.access
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