Multiwavelength behaviour of the blazar 3C 279: decade-long study from γ-ray to radio
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Larionov, V. M.
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Jorstad, S. G.
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Marscher, A. P.
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•
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Smith, P. S.
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Agudo, I.
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Savchenko, S. S.
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Morozova, D. A.
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Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
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Aller, M. F.
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Aller, H. D.
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Andreeva, T. S.
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Arkharov, A. A.
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Bachev, R.
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Borman, G. A.
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Bozhilov, V.
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Calcidese, P.
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Carosati, D.
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Casadio, C.
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Chen, W. -P.
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Damljanovic, G.
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Dementyev, A. V.
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•
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Fuentes, A.
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Gómez, J. L.
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Gónzalez-Morales, P.
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Giunta, A.
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Grishina, T. S.
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Gurwell, M. A.
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Hagen-Thorn, V. A.
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Hovatta, T.
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Ibryamov, S.
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Joshi, M.
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Kiehlmann, S.
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Kim, J. -Y.
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Kimeridze, G. N.
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Kopatskaya, E. N.
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Kovalev, Yu A.
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Kovalev, Y. Y.
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Kurtanidze, O. M.
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Kurtanidze, S. O.
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Lähteenmäki, A.
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Lázaro, C.
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Larionova, L. V.
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Larionova, E. G.
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Marchini, A.
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Matsumoto, K.
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Mihov, B.
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Minev, M.
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Mingaliev, M. G.
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Mirzaqulov, D.
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Muñoz Dimitrova, R. V.
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Myserlis, I.
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Nikiforova, A. A.
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Nikolashvili, M. G.
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Nizhelsky, N. A.
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Ovcharov, E.
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Pressburger, L. D.
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Rakhimov, I. A.
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Rizzi, N.
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Sadakane, K.
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Sadun, A. C.
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Samal, M. R.
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Sanchez, R. Z.
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Semkov, E.
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Sergeev, S. G.
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Sigua, L. A.
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Slavcheva-Mihova, L.
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Sola, P.
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Sotnikova, Yu V.
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Strigachev, A.
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Thum, C.
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Traianou, E.
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Troitskaya, Yu V.
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Troitsky, I. S.
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Tsybulev, P. G.
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Vasilyev, A. A.
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Vince, O.
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Weaver, Z. R.
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Williamson, K. E.
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Zhekanis, G. V.
Abstract
We report the results of decade-long (2008-2018) γ-ray to 1 GHz radio monitoring of the blazar 3C 279, including GASP/WEBT, Fermi and Swift data, as well as polarimetric and spectroscopic data. The X-ray and γ-ray light curves correlate well, with no delay ≳ 3 h, implying general cospatiality of the emission regions. The γ-ray-optical flux-flux relation changes with activity state, ranging from a linear to a more complex dependence. The behaviour of the Stokes parameters at optical and radio wavelengths, including 43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array images, supports either a predominantly helical magnetic field or motion of the radiating plasma along a spiral path. Apparent speeds of emission knots range from 10 to 37c, with the highest values requiring bulk Lorentz factors close to those needed to explain γ-ray variability on very short time-scales. The Mg II emission line flux in the `blue' and `red' wings correlates with the optical synchrotron continuum flux density, possibly providing a variable source of seed photons for inverse Compton scattering. In the radio bands, we find progressive delays of the most prominent light-curve maxima with decreasing frequency, as expected from the frequency dependence of the τ = 1 surface of synchrotron self-absorption. The global maximum in the 86 GHz light curve becomes less prominent at lower frequencies, while a local maximum, appearing in 2014, strengthens toward decreasing frequencies, becoming pronounced at ∼5 GHz. These tendencies suggest different Doppler boosting of stratified radio-emitting zones in the jet.
Volume
492
Issue
3
Start page
3829
Issn Identifier
0035-8711
Ads BibCode
2020MNRAS.492.3829L
Rights
open.access
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